作者: bharat.cn

  • 印度农村的电生意

    行驶中的汽车扬起尘土,车灯在无边的黑暗中亮起,村民们的轮廓就这样显现在亮光之中。展现在眼前的这一幕仿佛是电影《第三类接触》中的画面。

    2017年12月,我到印度的普拉塔普纳格尔村(音译)采访。从印度首都新德里出发,乘飞机向东南方向飞行1小时,然后再坐2小时的车,在崎岖不平的路上摇晃了一路,才抵达目的地。这里的人们大多靠农业为生。

    在印度,很多地方还没有通电,或是供电不稳定。一方面,人们又普遍使用手机,通信基站也很多。有人在这一点上发现了商机,由此产生了新的生意。

    这种生意就是建立小型光伏发电站,为通信基站供应电力,再把剩余电力供应给周边居民。日本的大型商社也参与了投资。

    在周边一片黑暗中,修库拉(音译)家是唯一用上电的家庭。据说他家签订了每天能用6小时电的协议,1个月需要170卢比(约合人民币16.46元)。

    修库拉介绍道:“国营电力公司供电很不稳定,经常停电。但是现在即便到了晚上,我家也能不慌不忙地准备晚饭,(这些小型发电站)帮了大忙了。”孩子们也能在LED灯下看书,一家人看起来非常高兴。

    生活在日本,用电是一件理所当然的事,人们渐渐忘却了电的可贵。大阪北部6月18日发生地震,导致大规模停电,城市的部分机能陷入瘫痪。那时,我想起了印度农村的人们,他们无比珍惜带来光明的电。

  • 印度也要限制人口增长了

    印度也要限制人口增长了?

    “穷人为什么没有获得水、洗手间和电力呢?必须改善贫困”,印度总理莫迪在8月15日独立纪念日的演说中如此强调。这是每年例行的活动,也是发布重要政策的场合。今年除了水等最低限度的基础设施建设之外,莫迪还把焦点对准了克什米尔问题。他强调称为了解决水问题,印度今后将投入3.5万亿卢比(约合人民币3500亿元)。

    莫迪此次新提出看法称,“人口膨胀是新的挑战。有可能成为增长的阻碍”。日本制造业企业的高管认为,“由于当地产业的振兴政策‘印度制造’进展不顺,莫迪自5月开始的第2任期把重心转向了民生”。印度政府8月以后相继发布经济刺激措施,但都没有成效,正在转向民粹主义政策。

    日本企业拓展印度市场,用普通的办法行不通。日本贸易振兴机构(JETRO)的调查显示,进入印度市场5~10年后,实现扭亏为盈的日本企业仍只有5成多。有贸易商的高管感叹称,“由于价格竞争和行政审批的严格,获得收益需要较长时间”。

    推动日本企业展开行动的是印度属于将超过中国的人口大国、中产阶级的消费会日趋加强这种预期。联合国数据显示,印度人口将从2019年的13亿多增至2030年的15亿多。

    不过,现实却是印度的就业岗位增加跟不上人口增长,莫迪受到历史最糟糕的高失业率困扰。在此次暗示重视民生和抑制人口的发言的背后,有可能透露出中产阶级的壮大可能会推迟的风险。与价格相比,日本企业试图以高附加值产品参与印度市场竞争。因此如果市场无法顺利扩大,业务拓展有可能变得困难。

  • Indian nun expelled after rape protest sees appeal rejected

    Nuns and Muslim supporters demand the arrest of Bishop Franco Mulakkal, who is accused of raping a nun, outside the High Court in Kochi in the southern Indian state of Kerala on Sept. 13, 2018. A nun who supported the protests has been dismissed from her congregation because her lifestyle violated congregation norms. (AFP photo)

    An Indian Catholic nun, dismissed from her congregation in southern Kerala after protesting against a bishop accused of rape, has had her appeal against the expulsion rejected by the Vatican.

    Sister Lucy Kalapura was dismissed Aug. 5 for failing to show the “needed remorse” for what congregation officials called a lifestyle that violated congregation norms and infringed on the vow of poverty.

    Sister Kalapura, a member of the Franciscan Clarist Congregation, challenged the decision, saying officials only moved after she publicly urged action against Bishop Franco Mulakkal, accused of raping a nun multiple times between 2014 and 2016.

    But the Vatican has now rejected the appeal filed to its Congregation for Oriental Churches. 

    The 54-year-old nun, informed of the decision in a letter, said she has been denied justice, alleging church officials did not contact her to get her side of the story.

    “I am not going to leave the convent. The lifestyle I lead is as per the rules and regulations,” she told the BBC.

    “I am allowed a second appeal, but I don’t see any point in doing that since they have made up their mind. I will now go to court on behalf of all the people who are being suppressed and facing illegal behavior from authorities of the congregation.”

    Sister Kalapura joined protests organized by nuns from another order and dozens of their supporters in 2018 seeking action against the bishop, in a rare show of dissent against the Church.

    Other nuns have accused the Church in Kerala as well as Vatican officials of turning a blind eye to the allegations against the bishop.

    The bishop was charged in April this year with wrongful confinement, rape of a woman incapable of giving consent, causing grievous bodily harm during rape, unnatural offense and criminal intimidation. He denies any wrongdoing.

    Church sources have maintained that Sister Kalapura’s dismissal was not a case of vindictive action. She was dismissed for defiantly breaking the congregation’s rules, including spending her salary on buying a car and other personal items. She teaches in a government-aided school.

    She also spent $1,000 to publish a book against the advice of her superiors and ignored warnings against appearing in media and giving interviews explaining her support for the protesting nuns.

    She received a canonical warning letter in January over her actions, but had previously received other warnings, urging her to change her ways in order to stay living in the congregation.

    Christians — mostly Catholic — are the third largest religious group in India, after Hindus and Muslims.

    The Catholic Church has been rocked by scandals of sexual abuse by clergy across the world in recent years. Pope Francis publicly addressed the issue of sexual abuse of nuns by clerics for the first time in February, saying reports of wrongdoing are taken seriously.